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#2227· ICAO Y12

Harbin Y-12

🇨🇳 People's Republic of China ·first flew 1982· twin-engine turboprop utility aircraft

📦 cargo 2× turboprop ✓ still flying
8 photos from Wikimedia Commons · credits & licences
  1. 1. China Marine Surveillance Harbin Y-12-II(B-3807) (4318168187): Kentaro Iemoto from Tokyo, Japan· CC BY-SA 2.0
  2. 2. AVIC Harbin Y12F: Allen Zhao· GFDL 1.2
  3. 3. Air Vanuatu (YJ-AV5) Harbin Y-12 IV departs Bauerfield International Airport in Port Vila: YSSYguy at English Wikipedia· CC BY-SA 3.0
  4. 4. Harbin Y-12 (II): Ronidong· CC BY-SA 4.0
  5. 5. Iran - Revolutionary Guard Air Force Harbin Y12-II: Shahram Sharifi - Iranian Spotters· GFDL 1.2
  6. 6. Namibian Air Force - Harbin Y12-II: Alan Lebeda· GFDL 1.2
  7. 7. Harbin Y12F: Allen Zhao· GFDL 1.2
  8. 8. Y12 Satena: Harold2030· CC BY-SA 4.0
Read about it on Wikipedia ↗
Harbin Y-12, photo 1 of 8
1/8 Kentaro Iemoto from Tokyo, Japan· CC BY-SA 2.0

what is it?

The Harbin Y-12 (Chinese: 运-12; pinyin: Yùn-12) is a high wing twin-engine turboprop utility aircraft built by Harbin Aircraft Industry Group (HAIG). It is the first Chinese-designed and produced aircraft to receive a type certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in March 1995. Around 300 aircraft were delivered by 2023.

How to recognise it: 2 turboprops · 17.2 m wingspan

base stats

  • speed 328 km/htop speed
  • range 1,340 kmwithout refuelling
  • seats 19passengers
  • size 5,300 kgmax take-off weight
  • built 200made in total

Bars compare against all aircraft: 3,500 km/h, 20,000 km, 850 seats; size and number built on a log scale up to 640 t (An-225) and 45,000 built (Cessna 172).

fun facts

  • First flew 44 years ago, in 1982.
  • Top speed is 2.5× a car on the Dutch motorway (130 km/h).
  • Wingspan of 17.2 m: about 4 cars parked nose to tail.
  • Range of 1,340 km: 7× Amsterdam to Brussels.

turboprop: A jet-style turbine turning a propeller: efficient on short hops.

spec sheet

first flight
1982-07-14
status
in production
number built
200
role
twin-engine turboprop utility aircraft
origin
🇨🇳 People's Republic of China
makers
Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation
engines
2× Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27
crew
2
passengers
19
length
14.9 m
wingspan
17.2 m
height
5.6 m
max take-off weight
5,300 kg
top speed
328 km/h
cruise speed
292 km/h
range
1,340 km
ceiling
7,000 m
ICAO code
Y12

Specs are for the version in the Wikipedia article's specification section. Blank means the sources don't say.

Sources: Wikidata Q1584925, Wikipedia: Harbin Y-12 (CC BY-SA 4.0), ICAO code from list of aircraft type designators.Updated 2026-10-24.

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