A consonant at the bottom of a block is a batchim (받침). Whatever the letter, a final consonant is pronounced as one of seven sounds:
| sound | letters | example |
|---|---|---|
| k | ㄱ ㅋ ㄲ | 책 chaek, 부엌 bueok |
| n | ㄴ | 산 san |
| t | ㄷ ㅌ ㅅ ㅆ ㅈ ㅊ ㅎ | 옷 ot, 꽃 kkot |
| l | ㄹ | 물 mul |
| m | ㅁ | 밤 bam |
| p | ㅂ ㅍ | 밥 bap, 앞 ap |
| ng | ㅇ | 강 gang |
Linking (연음)
If the next syllable starts with the silent ㅇ, the batchim moves over and is pronounced in full:
- 한국어 → [한구거] hangugeo
- 음악 → [으막] eumak
- 옷이 → [오시] osi
Nasalization
A k/t/p sound before ㄴ or ㅁ becomes ng/n/m: 감사합니다 → [감사함니다] gamsahamnida.